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Cite in Chicago Style AD (18th edition): References: Other web content

General Format

Notes: 

  • A References page at the end of the document has full citations in alphabetical order formatted with a hanging indent. 

Rules for multiple-authors:

  • If there are one to two authors, list all of them in the bibliography and in the note. 
  • If there are three to six authors, list all of them in the bibliography; in the note, list only the first, followed by et al. (“and others”).
  • If there are more than six authors, list the first three in the bibliography, followed by et al.; in the note, list only the first, followed by et al.

Web Pages

Last name, First name or Organization Name. Publication Date/Revision. "Title of Page." Site Name. Site URL. 

 

Individual Author

Mennis, Greg. 2022. "Savings Rate Fills Out Picture of Workers' Retirement Security." Pew. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2022/05/savings-rate-fills-out-picture-of-workers-retirement-security

No Date

If a publication date or revision date is not available, use n.d. for "no date" and then include an Accessed Date before the URL. 

Columbia University. n.d. “History.” Accessed May 15, 2017. http://www.columbia.edu/content/history.html.

Corporate Author

If there is no named author, use the corporate entity as the author. Do not repeat the name in the Site Name position, as in the first example below.

If the corporate author is different from the site name, as in the second example below, then include both. 

Wikimedia Foundation. 2021. "Wikimedia Foundation Privacy Policy." https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Privacy_policy

Office of Public Affairs. 2024. "U.S. Marshals Focus on Violent Fugitives During Operation Nazare Wave." Department of Justice. https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/us-marshals-focus-violent-fugitives-during-operation-nazare-wave

ChatGPT

Before using any generative AI tool, such as ChatGPT, for class assignments, review your syllabus and check with your professor for guidance. 

In general, use of generative AI must be credited in the in-text citation of your writing, such as (ChatGPT, March 7, 2023); but not in the References section because it is not human-authored source material. 

For more guidelines, see the official Chicago style website.

How to Cite ChatGPT in Chicago Author-Date

Datasets & Data

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year published. “Title of Data Set in Title Case.” Organization. DOI or URL.

Code Compliance Services Department, Consumer Health Division. 2023. "Restaurant and Food Establishment Inspections (Oct. 2016 to Present)." Open Data, City of Dallas. https://www.dallasopendata.com/Services/Restaurant-and-Food-Establishment-Inspections-Octo/dri5-wcct

Missing info?

Be aware that a lot of missing information can raise questions about credibility and reliability, especially for web sources. If a source has very little citation information, see if you can find a more reputable source to provide similar information instead. 

Missing author? 

Named authors are frequently missing on web-based content. In that case, you can: 

  • Use the hosting website or organization in the author position. For example, the World Bank, the U.S. Census Bureau, and OpenAI are all used as authors on this page.
  • Use a screen name as the author for social media or online audiovisual content. For example, TED-Ed on this page.
  • If you can't find any of the above options, move the Title to the Author's position. 
  • Do not use "Anonymous" as the author unless the work is actually signed as Anonymous.